Quartz

Quartz is known as `sphatik` in Sanskrit and `billor` in Persian. It is one of the most commonplace minerals in the earth`s crust. It is available in the shape of pencils, big and tiny pieces. Quartz is coloured like snow. It is transparent, emanating splendour, refinement and smoothness. Its nature is cold. It is used for making idols, yantras and numerous other items. Though the color of quartz is as variable as the visible range of spectrum, the clear form is the most common. There are other colors as well which include- white or cloudy named as milky quartz, purple commonly known as amethyst, pink that is also known as Rose quartz and gray or brown or black known as Smoky Quartz as well.

Quartz is one of the most common minerals on earth. It has many natural varieties, plus synthetic quartz that comes in every color of the rainbow. Quartz, the most common mineral found on the earth`s surface is a component of almost all the types of rock. Quartz has a wide variety with respect to variety, color and forms. Each quartz can be separated from the other in terms of color; shade and also structure which includes pyramidal, prismatic, sceptered, phantomed, coating, tapering, stalactitic, concretionary, geoidal and banded. All these multiple combinations can lead to hundreds of unique possibilities. According to astrology it is related to Venus. Quartz is an alternate for diamond. It possesses the same qualities of a diamond, but is priced much less. Therefore it can easily be worn without reluctance.

In present days, rock crystal has become extremely important because of its piezoelectric attribute. When crystal quartz is cut in an exact angle to its axis and subjected to mechanical pressure, it emits minute electrical charges at the end of the axes and the crystal expands and contracts, which sets it into constant mechanical vibration. This steady rate of vibration makes quartz functional for radio and television transmission, telephone and cable equipments, radar, depth-sounding, apparatus, anti-submarine devices, clocks, resonators, range making lenses, prisms, and optical instruments.

Quartz gems are popular among gem therapists; because they produce electrochemical balance in the body chemistry of the wearer, eradicate nervousness, and makes one composed and concentrating. Using a rosary made from rock crystal helps in concentration, cools the body, and composes the mind. It is helpful for deriving knowledge of the past, present and future when used for concentration. Wearing a crystal mala ensures a healthy and undisturbed sleep. In Hinduism crystal holds a substantial position. It is also believed that Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati (Shakti) live in this stone. Therefore statues are built after cutting and chiseling the crystal, because there is no need to vivify its statues and it is fittingly worthy to be worshipped. It can also be noted that idols made of other stones are forbidden to be kept in a temple or at home. Without life induction, the idols made of other stones are not used for religious rites and prayers. Therefore crystal has the nobility to be worshipped. And that is why Shiva linga, idols and Shree Yantra etc., are manufactured from it, so that this may be worshipped without life induction. Crystal garlands (mala) are used to count mantras while worshipping Laxmi, Durga, Saraswati and other Goddesses. Tripursundari`s yantra (Shree Yantra), engraved on sphatik (quartz) is regarded the best of all. Opulence and salvation are two dissimilar aims in human life and through crystal "Shree Yantra", people who meditate and worship achieve both these aims by themselves involuntarily.

Crystal bead is used for concentration (Tratak) and other devotional activities. A person who meditates by focusing his mind on a crystal bead is aware of all the future incidents in advance logically. Therefore, crystal is itself a priceless and godly element. This stone will not allow someone to wallow in self-pity over that which can not change. It amplifies the energy of all other stones and increases the emotional energy. Quartz is so rich in every way except material value. It amplifies, focuses, stores, transforms, and also energizes. This stone is perfect for focusing affirmations and prayers. It also stimulates psychic perception. It teaches each person at his or her own level, and at his or her own speed. It empowers and attunes to all chakras, all signs, and all numbers as well. This stone amplifies prayers, wishes and positive visualizations in a great manner. It keeps someone in touch with the spiritual side, and reminds that he or she is a spiritual being, having a human experience. All spiritual pursuits can be stimulated and amplified using this stone`s energy. It helps to be receptive to higher guidance. This gemstone is easy to cleanse, store information or energy in, program or amplify energy and heal with. It can both draw and send energy. This is the powerful clear ones that open Crown Chakra. This is good for meditation as well as sending or receiving guidance. It often stimulates natural crystals in body tissues and fluids to resonate at new healing frequency. It works with all chakras and master gland. Blue quartz crystals grant spiritual insight and enlightenment, peace and serenity. They also encourage emotional clarity and purity of heart.

Sapphire

The ancient Persians believed that the earth rested on a giant sapphire whose reflection gave the sky its color. A historian of old Damigeron wrote that sapphire was worn by kings to protect them from harm. It was also believed that sapphire would protect the wearer from envy and attract divine favor. Legend has it that if a poisonous snake were put into a vessel along with a sapphire, the rays from the gem would kill it. Our ancestors interpreted this to mean that sapphire was an antidote against poison.

At one time any blue gem material was called sapphire. The finest sapphire color is rich, velvety cornflower blue. This is called `kashmir` out of deference to the traditional source of the finest quality. Today, however, the Kashmir area of India is not generally mined because of its physical inaccessibility. Most current production comes from Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Montana, Australia and Africa.

Colour: Sapphires are found in a variety of colors. The reddish colors are called ruby. People generally think of sapphires as blue in color, although they are also colorless, pink, orange, green, golden, yellow, purple and black. Sapphire is the birthstone of the month of September. Red sapphires are known as ruby, and pinkish orange sapphire as padparadscha as well. Corundum, which is sapphire`s mineral name, occurs in red, but this is known as ruby. A particularly lovely pinkish-orange is referred to as `padparadscha`, which is taken from the Sinhalese for `lotus-colored.` Although sapphire is found in many colors, these are not all commercially available at any given time. Some are so rare they are collector`s items.

Sapphire is always heat treated to produce, intensify or lighten color and improves color uniformity and appearance. Heat treatment of sapphires is performed at the sapphire mines, and is an industry-wide accepted practice.

Fine, needle-like inclusions are the things that give sapphires their velvety quality. These inclusions are often numerous enough to make the stone translucent or opaque and are oriented properly. At that time they allow light to be reflected in such a way that a star floats across the top of the stone with movement. When a cutter recognizes this potential in a piece of rough sapphire, he will cut it in a dome shape. Stars are not visible in faceted stones. Some persons believed the star sapphire would protect them against witchcraft. The three intersecting rays were thought to represent faith, hope and destiny.

Sapphire in its many colors is fashioned into timeless pieces that compliment many styles. It is either faceted or cabochon i.e. dome-shape for use in rings, pendants, earrings and pins. It may be linked between expanses of chain for wrist or neck wear. Sapphires are set into the simplest of designs as well as the most elegant of pieces.

Since subtle differences in quality can make large differences in beauty and also price, it is important to select the jewelry from a professional who can guide honestly and ethically in purchase.

There are some varieties of sapphires. One of them can be mentioned as Kashmir Sapphire. These are the sapphire with a distinct velvety-blue color. Another one is cornflower Sapphire. This is actually the synonym of Kashmir sapphire. Cornflower Blue Sapphire is another variety. Star Sapphire is the one displaying asterism. Padparadschah is mainly the orange-pink variety of sapphire.

There is some color changing Sapphire. This Sapphire exhibits a different color in natural and artificial light. Bi-colored Sapphire is the Sapphire with more than one color. Cat`s Eye Sapphire is basically the Sapphires exhibiting cat`s eye effect, fancy Sapphire is known as any sapphire with a color other than blue. Verneuil Sapphire is synthetic, and laboratory-grown sapphire.

Nowadays, sapphire is classified by its color in the gem trade i.e. green color sapphire is `Green Sapphire`. Colorless sapphire is usually called `White Sapphire.`

The `oriental` prefixes are not used anymore, but they are still occasionally seen. Below is a list of all the `oriental` sapphires.

Oriental Topaz: Straw yellow, gem quality sapphire,
Oriental Emerald: Light to dark green, gem quality sapphire,
Oriental Amethyst: Violet to pink, gem quality sapphire,
Oriental Peridot: Yellow-green, gem quality sapphire; and
Oriental White sapphire: Colorless, gem quality sapphire.


Some other variety of sapphire which are rarely used can be mentioned as follows:
Australian Sapphire: Dark blue to nearly black sapphire
Bengal Amethyst: Purple sapphire
Blue Alexandrite: Synonym of color changing sapphire
Burma Sapphire: Synthetic, laboratory-grown blue sapphire
Burmese Sapphire: Synonym of Burma sapphire (above)
Ceylon Sapphire: Light blue sapphire
Indian Topaz: Yellow to yellow-brown sapphire
King Topaz: Yellow to yellow-brown sapphire
Rose Kunzite: Synthetic pink sapphire
Star Topaz: Yellow star sapphire
Ultralite: Blue sapphire

Some of the false names of sapphires can be mentioned as follows.
Brazilian Sapphire is the blue tourmaline or blue topaz, Gold Sapphire is the lapis lazuli with shiny pyrite sprinkles, Lynx Sapphire is the iolite, Sapphire Spinel is the blue spinel, Hope Sapphire is the synthetic blue spinel, Lux Sapphire is the iolite, Sapphire Quartz is the massive blue quartz or chalcedony, Water Sapphire is the iolite, Uralian Sapphire is the blue tourmaline.

Tiger Eye

This stone comes in white grey, red or wooden colour. Tiger eye sometimes has rich yellow and golden brown stripes, with a fine golden lustre when polished. It is very popular in Africa and is available in plenty at that place. It looks like the `eye of a tiger`. Tiger eye is also called crocidolite cat`s-eye or African cat`s-eye. Tiger eye with its bands resembles an eye of tiger, so it is received its name due to this similarity. Tiger Eye is the anniversary gemstone for the 9th year of marriage.

It keeps stomach ailments under a reasonable check. It also reduces tensions. It gives extra energies and good stamina. It also bestows the wearer with considerable initiative and drive, without which one cannot easily make a mark in this complex world. It is recommended and lucky stone for those having their birth numbers as 2 or 7. It is good for children suffering from insomnia or those not having proper concentration in studies. It is good for those, who have Saturn in retrogression in their natal charts or have tensions or digestive problems. It is also good for financial gains and also for those who may waiver to take decisions. Roman soldiers wore tiger`s-eye for protection in battle. Tiger Eye was thought to be all seeing due to its appearance. Tiger eye relieves high blood pressure. Tiger eye wear is very helpful in the presence of following diseases: bronchial asthmakidney, rheumatic heart disease, otitis and psoriasis.

People of all Zodiac signs and also either-sex, all ages and all religion can utilize the benefits of Tiger Eye Gemstone. This gemstone is widely used in Feng Shui and Crystal Therapy as well.

Benefits of Tiger Eye
Tiger Eye is a stone of protection that is also very grounding. It enhances integrity, willpower, practicality and correct use of power. It is a stone that enhances good luck, and brings prosperity, often in the form of money. This is also a very protective stone, which especially does it`s work during travel. It can also help one see clearly without illusion. Tiger`s eye brings a special boost to the solar plexus chakra and to one`s personal power. It is also very effective where person have speech problem due to lack of confidence or when any person wake up in afraid due to bad dreams

Tiger`s eye is a powerful stone ideal for increasing the confidence for people who need more confidence to accomplish their goals. It helps the person to judge a situation and determine how best to approach it. It also helps the wearer to find the most advantageous and positive way to reveal their inner energy and light. It eventually draws helpful people and material things to the wearer. It centers energy and mental focus. This gemstone also charm against evil spirits. This stone is believed to enhance confidence, focus the mind, and enable the user to see clearly without illusion.

Tiger eye should be charge it by keeping over night in salted water and should be washed it with fresh water in the morning and kept it in sun light for 2 - 3 hours once in 3 months. As with all gems, tiger eye should be protected from scratches and sharp blows. Large temperature changes should also be avoided.

These stone comes of in very attractive shapes. These are widely used for astrological and fashion purpose made of white metal. These are also popular as an attractive gift item. Tiger Eye is widely used in pendant and beads where its lovely tiger-like that displays out best.

Turquoise

Turquoise is a stone that has been prized for many years. The ancient Egyptians used turquoise in jewelry. Turquoise is greenish-blue or pale sky blue. The name means `Turkish stone` as it came to Europe by way of Turkey. Turquoise was mined more than 6,000 years ago in Sinai. The best turquoise comes from Iran, but not much is exported now. Presently much turquoise comes from Mexico and the United States.

Turquoise is a hydrous copper aluminum silicate that occurs in microcrystalline nodules. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gem and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. In recent times, like most other opaque gems, turquoise has been devalued by the introduction of treatments, imitations, and synthetics onto the market. Turquoise is one of the oldest protection amulets, and was also known as a symbol of wealth in many ancient cultures.

Using of this stone gives strength, protection from harm, psychic sensitivity and connection to the spirit world as well. If given a turquoise by a loving friend, that stone would protect the wearer from negative energy and bring good fortune. The turquoise is the symbol of friendship. It also brings peace to the home. This stone is a very personal and meaningful stone to one who wears it. Turquoise takes on the characteristics of the owner. Turquoise carries great wisdom of basic truth within it. It is one of the oldest stones known. This is a stone that a person must learn to attune to instead of the stone attuning to the person. It is important that the owner of a Turquoise give it the proper attention.

The color of turquoise ranges from sky blue through various shades of green to greenish and yellowish gray. Turquoise is opaque except in the thinnest splinters, and has a feeble, faintly waxy lustre. It is said that Turquoise brings happiness and good fortune.

Turquoise along with zircon is birthstones of Sagittarius. The timeframe starts from Nov 22 to Dec 21. Turquoise is the anniversary gemstone for the 5th year of marriage.

Healing properties of Turquoise
The gemstone named Turquoise generally neutralizes over acidity, alleviates rheumatism, gout, stomach problems, viral infections, increases growth, muscular strength, alleviates pain, and relaxes cramps. It also contains anti-inflammatory and detoxifying effects. This stone should be used with copper to increase the power of turquoise.

Sometimes this is known as a truth stone, as it instigate the owner to be true to himself. This gem stone is a stone of self realization helping soemone to better understand self ideas and emotions. It is a wonderful aid in regards to any type of analytical thinking. This also attunes the physical to the higher realms. This generally aligns all chakras, creating a clear channel for the nurturing and creative energy of this sacred stone. The turquoise generally protects and blesses the user, this is one of the most versatile of the power stones. Turquoise works at the throat Chakra enhancing communication skills. Those persons seeking a profound healing of the spirit and soul should wear turquoise. This is known as the ancient absorber of `negativity`. It also helps one develop natural powers. This is excellent grounding stone and also excellent healing stone. This stone strengthens and calms the mind and body. Turquoise usually brings wisdom. Using of this stone helps anorexia, headache, fear, throat, lungs, asthma, infections, teeth, TMJ, hearing, high blood pressure, creativity block, and depression. In fact, some Native cultures held the belief that by wearing it the human mind becomes one with the universe.

This stone is becoming increasingly rare and costly because the finest material comes from Iran. Despite its fragility it is much prized and never seems to go out of fashion. Turquoise is an excellent investment, but if it is to retain its value it should be cleaned at least once a year with diluted ammonia liquor. This restores its original colour which otherwise tends to become greener with age. It should never be stored with other jewelry or cosmetics.

The stone`s color and lustre tend to deteriorate with exposure to sunlight, heat, or various weak acids. So hot water and household chemicals should be avoided. Turquoise is relatively soft, thus scratches and sharp blows can become harmful. There are certain coatings that should not be removed. When this stone is given as a gift, everyone talks about the choice. Turquoise is believed by many to bestow wealth and happiness upon its receiver. Turquoise is reasonably priced and quite lovely. The finest stone is an even blue, blue-green, or green color with little or no mottling. Delicate veining, caused by impurities, is desired by some collectors as proof of a natural stone. A delicate sky blue, turquoise provides an attractive contrast with precious metals. It may be carved or engraved, and irregular pieces are often set in mosaics with jasper, obsidian, and mother of pearl as well. Turquoise has been thought to warn the wearer of danger or illness by changing color. In the 13th century, turquoise was thought to protect the wearer from falling, especially from horses. Turquoise is also believed to bring happiness and good fortune to all. It`s said that turquoise attracts healing spirits, making it a premier healing stone. Believed to be a protective stone, turquoise is worn to guard against violence and accidents. Turquoise is also a valuable amulet for travelers.

Agate - Agate is a semi-crystalline variety of quartz

This is a semi-crystalline variety of quartz. The colours are arranged in strips or bands or blended in clouds and classified accordingly as moss, ribbon, dendrite, etc. This is a stone, widely distributed but not very popular. Agate was discovered with the Stone Age man in France 20,000-16,000 BC. The Egyptians used it prior to 3000 BC. Agate was highly valued by ancient civilizations. Cameos are cut from stones, such as onyx or agate, where different colors occur in layers. The background material is cut away, leaving the cameo design in relief.

The name of the gemstones is derived from the Greek `Agate`, which means happy. According to another theory the word Agate comes from the Greek name of a stone found in the Achates River in Sicily, now known as the Drillo River, which still remains a major source of this stone.

Agate has irregular, sometimes circular bands of color and often replaces fossil wood. Many fossils are agatized material where the original organic substance has been replaced by agate while retaining the original structure. Agates are identical in chemical structure to jasper, flint, chert, bloodstone, and tiger-eye, and are often found in association with opal. The colorful, banded rocks are used as a semiprecious gemstone and for making mortars and pestles. One will often see these in beads, agate pendants and necklaces.

Color Of Agate: Agate comes in most colors. Agates range from transparent to opaque in a variety of beautiful colors. It presents various tints in the same specimen. The stones can be artificially stained to produce combinations of color. These are more vivid than those found in the natural state. This is generally brown in colour. When used for ornamental purposes it has usually been dyed artificially as the porous nature of this mineral allows it to absorb material from solution. There is variety of brownish- orange agate that is known as cornelian, the green variety chrysoprase, the blue variety chalcedony and the brownish-red variety is known as carnelian. Black agate is known as onyx. Agate is the birthstone of Taurus i.e. bull. The time ranges from April 20 - May 20. Agate is the anniversary gemstone for the 12th year of marriage. Moss Agate is the anniversary gemstone for the 14th year of marriage.

Varieties Of Agate: There are several types of agate. Varieties include Blue, Blue Lace, Crazy Lace, Green, Indian, Moss, Tree and Wood. The Moss agate or mocha stone contains visible impurities in the form that resemble moss.

Care and Treatment Of Agate: Agate cracks easily though it has a hardness rating of 7. When agate is present with all other gems it should be protected from scratches and sharp blows. Sudden temperature changes and household chemicals should be protected. Agate is one of the gemstones that used in commesso. These are also called florentine mosaic. Commesso is a technique of fashioning pictures with thin, cut-to-shape pieces of brightly colored, semiprecious stones, developed in Florence in the late 16th century. The stones most commonly used are agates, quartzes, chalcedonies, jaspers, granites, porphyries, petrified woods, and lapis lazuli. Commesso pictures, used mainly for tabletops and small wall panels, range from emblematic and floral subjects to landscapes.

Usage Of Agate:Agate is used for inexpensive jewelry, ornaments and even ash- trays and precision instruments. It is found mainly in India, Brazil, Madagascar, China, Russia and Australia. This is the stone everyone should have for protection. This group of stones is variegated chalcedony. The agate is one of the oldest stones in recorded history. Agates attract strength. This is also a protection from bad dreams. It also protects from stress and energy drains. Agates have been used in jewelry from ancient time. They were used to ward off storms. They were prized gems in antiquity. The agates with banded colors were placed at the head of a sleeper to give rich and varied dreams. Agates have been thought to be good to harden the gums.

Healing Properties Of Agate:The gemstone Agate also has the healing properties. Agate is used for stomach upsets. The agate should be placed on the solar plexus. The agate can`t change emotions, but helps to change our level of acceptance of the emotion. Such as when someone is very sad the agate will let the person know that this will pass and help you get on to another and better day. This is why the Agate is considered so powerful as it gives us the strength to carry on. There are some superstitions surrounding the usage of these gemstones. Some of them can be mentioned as after wearing this it defends against the evil eye. It protects against storms, lightning, headaches and fever. It draws out the venom of insect and reptile bites. It cures fever and eye infections. It improves Eyesight and relieves inflammation and tiredness of the eyes. It staunches bleeding and also relieves skin irritations. It promotes fertility and helps in increasing athletic prowess. It renders the possessor eloquent, lovable, and invisible. It gives good health and long life. After wearing this one can turn an enemy`s sword against himself. It makes someone lucky in love. It reveals where hidden treasure is buried. It ensures a good yield when tied to a plow or worn while gardening. Agate brings stability to anyone`s life.

Aquamarine

Aquamarine is usually known as emerald`s most famous sister. It is simply a different color variety of the mineral beryl. Greenish-blue to bluish-green beryl is called aquamarine. The advances of modern technology have made it possible that when aquamarine is treated with heat, the heat drive the green out of the stone and leave a more pleasing blue. This is a permanent treatment and has become accepted in the jewelry industry. The name Aquamarine is derived from Latin words meaning sea and water. Therefore it can be said that the name `aquamarine` means sea water.

Madagascar is the historical source of aquamarine, but is no longer important as of now. A medium dark blue colour is the typical of stones that came from that area. Brazil is probably the most prolific supplier of aquamarine today. The natural color of Brazilian gems leans toward bluish-green. Comparing emerald and aquamarine, the latter is the tougher sister. Aqua is usually free from the inclusions that make emerald more fragile. It is often step-cut i.e. emerald-cut to show its color to best advantage.

Aquamarines are usually found in a range of blue shades, from the palest pastel to greenish-blue to a deep blue. While the choice of color is largely a matter of taste, the deeper blue gems are more rare. Aquamarine is a pastel gemstone, and while color can be quite intense in larger gemstones. The smaller Aquamarines are often less vivid or bright. In its finest color aquamarine will be a rather dark blue, rivaling a nice medium blue sapphire. But they are rare and expensive. Sometimes too many blue topaz have been sold as aquamarines, as blue topaz is much cheaper.

Aquamarine is pale greenish blue or bluish green variety of beryl. Beryl is a mineral composed of beryllium aluminum silicate. This is a commercial source of beryllium. It has long been of interest because several varieties are valued as gemstones. These are aquamarine, emerald and heliodor. Aquamarine is the most common variety of gem beryl, it occurs in pegmatite, in which it forms much larger and clearer crystals than emerald.

This is a beautiful and affordable gemstone found in a range of blue shades. The highest quality aquamarine is transparent. Aquamarine is a hard gemstone, making it a good choice for jewelry that is worn frequently like aquamarine rings. However due to its delicate color and clarity it is best displayed in a more prominent position such as in earrings and pendants. A nice, medium dark blue aquamarine is a perfect gift for any occasion, but especially for weddings it is apt as this is the symbol of beauty and honesty. While buying aquamarine jewelry it should be noted that wearing aquamarine in earrings brings love and affection.

Curing ability Of Aquamarine
Curing ability of aquamarine is immense as this gemstone works against nerve pain, glandular problems, toothache, and disorders of the neck, jaw and throat. It even strengthens liver and kidneys.

Rose Quartz

There are several quartz gemstones like milky quartz, smoky quartz, rose quartz etc. Among them peach and pink colored quartz is known as rose quartz. Rose quartz is very fascinating gemstone because its pink color is soothing and exclusive. Titanium element gives the pink color to rose quartz. Like all other gemstones rose quartz is also used as a gemstone and birthstone or ornamental stone. Rose quartz is very powerful mainly on that time when someone is in stress and tension. Generally people wear rose quartz for weight loss. Rose quartz is helpful to have patience, gentleness and forgiveness. It opens the heart to the beauty within and all around. It will also begin its healing by reducing resentments. This is the stone for Taurian and Libran.

Rose Quartz is almost always massive, rarely occurring in small horizontally striated hexagonal prisms. Scientifically, there is no reason why Rose Quartz does not occur more commonly in crystals. This remains a scientific mystery. This can happen as because quartz crystallizes into well formed crystals in all its other macroscopic varieties. Rose Quartz crystals are thus extremely valuable. If mineral needles are present in the rose quartz then a star effect or asterism is sometimes seen. The star is best seen when light is viewed through the rose quartz. This is different from asterisms in most other gemstones, such as ruby and sapphire, where the stars are seen when light is shown on the gems

This is one of the more desirable varieties of quartz. The pink can be almost rose red and some African verities border on lavender. The color seems to be caused by iron and titanium impurities. However the color of rose quartz is still not completely understood. It has been said to be due to a number of different minor impurities present in the rose quartz including titanium, manganese and even colloidal gold. However, recent studies using micro-analytical methods have discovered that the color of massive rose quartz is actually due to microscopic mineral fibers in the rose quartz. The rare transparent ethereal crystals of rose quartz owe their coloration to aluminum and phosphorous impurities. The pink color in Rose Quartz is photosensitive and can fade in sunlight.

Rose Quartz is related to the Heart. They need unconditional love in dealing with friends or spouses in the program not only unconditional love for others, but for themselves, too. It is also useful for self-acceptance, self love, and personal worth. It enhances all forms of love i.e. self love, mother love, caring, kindness, platonic and romantic love. By wearing this one will feel that it opens the hearts and encourages being tender, peaceful and gentle. It also teaches forgiveness and tolerance. It emanates unconditional love and nurturance and helps us attract positive, gentle, non-judgmental love into our lives. It aids healing of depression, blood circulation, heart fortification, sexual problems and encourages fertility. It is also believed to prevent wrinkles and encourage a beautiful complexion. Rose quartz is also a very attractive ornamental stone and is carved into popular spheres, pyramids, obelisks, figurines and ornate statues.

Rose quartz is generally known as the love stone. The Whitish pink colour symbolizes love and warmth, this is the heart stone for the heart chakra, and is full of beauty, peacefulness and is an emotional balancer. Rose quartz is a excellent stone for attracting marriage & also improve relationship luck. Rose quartz beads emit strong love energy and when worn, enhance both self-love and beauty within ones life. It also has healing qualities for the mind, releasing bottled up emotions and dispelling negative thoughts. This should be always remembered that this is a Romantic stone and very helpful for meditation and divine love. It is also said to calm aggression and resentment while increasing self-esteem and self-confidence, and to enhance one`s compassion, patience and forgiveness. It is said to enhance someone`s capacity to love others and yourself.

The gemstone should be charged by keeping over night in salted Water and then it should be washed with fresh water in morning and should be kept in Sun light for 2 - 3 hours once in 3 Months.

Coral

Coral is the skeletal material of calcium carbonate. Small animals that live in colonies in the sea build this up. Red, pink, and white coral is mostly calcium carbonate whereas black and golden coral is conchiolin. Coral is usually branchlike and occurs in a variety of colors, of which the most sought after are rose red to red. Mars is the commandant of the congregation of the nine planets. It is also embodied as the God of War. It is considered a malicious planet in astrology and endows its natives the capability to state their own wants above those of others. Its colour is red and the ruler of the southern direction. On account of its nearness to earth, it is called `Angarak` and the son of earth. It is the emblem of blood and tenaciousness in human life. The gemstone related to Mars is coral and its zodiac signs comprise Aries and Scorpio.

From erstwhile era, coral has been given recognition by every astrologer. It is not a mineral, it is a type of organic substance. It is prepared by non-vertebrate sea creature called Isis Nobiles. Coral is found in the shape of a vine branch at approximately 600-700 feet depth inside the sea. Scientists consider it as a constituent of calcium carbonate.

Corals are found in many colours, like red, scarlet, saffron, pink to vermilion red and white. It is of hot disposition. It creates numerous virtues like valour, tenaciousness, capacity to confront and solve situations and problems and enables a man to take risks. On account of being the dominant gem of Aries and Scorpio, it eradicates hindrances in the way of their good luck and increases their authoritarial power. Men who are either chicken-hearted or overpowered by their enemies easily, should wear coral. It is also a perfect gem for a blissful conjugal life.

It should be worn by soldiers, policemen, electricians, surgeons, players and workers of ordinance factory. It is useful for increasing self-assurance, administrative potential and the power of applying rights in social & political arenas. It is advantageous in transactions pertaining to buying and selling of land and properties.

A variety of forms were used in the Indian jewelry for the earrings, in which pearls, filigree, gems, and coral appeared in floral compositions based on the contrast between the different colors. Coral is thought by the ancients to be a stone. Coral is usually the anniversary gemstone for the 35th year of marriage.

Healing ability
Coral averts abortion, fever, piles, impotency, typhus, small-pox etc. Children can be protected from diseases like rickets and stomach-ache, by putting on the coral mala or beads around their neck. Coral is used in difficulties of the lungs and digestion. It relates to the circulation of the blood and to the heart. Coral helps restore harmony in the event of emotional conflict. It works against nutritional deficiencies, depression and lethargy. The use of coral oxide with honey makes one sturdy and when used with betel leaf, the coral paste cures a person from cough and heart disease. Coral is said to cure madness and give wisdom. This is also used to build an emotional foundation. It aids in the safe crossing of rivers, passages through tempests. It excites nerve power, brilliancy and gladness and is a true health-giver. It should be noted that coral loses its powers when broken.

How to wear : The Coral`s weight should be a minimum of 2.5 Rattis (300 mg) for a ring. A Coral weighing 5,7,9,11,13 rattis are more fortune-providing.

Coral should be embedded within gold or copper. The coral ring should always be worn on the ring finger. The best time to wear a coral ring is one hour after sunrise or up to 11:00 a.m., reciting "Om Bhaum Bhaumaye Namah Om". The wearer should donate lentil, gur and money, after tying it in a red cloth to a Brahmin or priest. Gur (jaggery) should be fed to a red ox. Before wearing the ring for the first time, it is customary to immerse it in raw cow`s milk and wash it in Ganges water.

Coral gem keeps on influencing its wearer for 3 years and 3 days, from the time when it is worn.

It should be worn by a native of Aries sign of the zodiac, persons whose names start with-chu, che, cho, la, li, lu, le, lo, a- and Scorpio people whose names begin with- tao, na, nee, nu, nay, no, ya, yee, you and individuals, whose date of birth falls on 9,18, 27 or born during the period starting from 14th April to 15th May and from 17th November to 15th December. A person with 9 as his/her lucky number, can also wear coral.

How to choose the best coral: The best Coral should be of deep red color. It should have regular shape and even surface. The best coral should be of round or oval shape. Usually the good ones are free of dents, holes, or perforations. These are smooth.

There are some of the tests useful for identification of a real coral. These can be mentioned as if real Coral is placed in glass of cow`s milk, the color of the milk will appear pink or take on a red tinge. Imitation coral will not affect the whiteness of milk. The second one can be explained as if a coral is dropped in blood, blood will thicken around it. The third one can be mentioned as true coral changes color according to the physical well-being of the wearer. It fades before the disorder in physical health is noticeable and resumes its original color when physical health is restored.

Protection of Coral : Coral is especially fragile. Coral should be protected from scratches and sharp blows. It should always be stored in separate boxes. Large temperature changes should be avoided. Coral should never be cleaned in a home ultrasonic cleaner.

Corals are beautiful in rings, necklaces, and pendants. Coral is said to protect children and it is given as a gift to children in many countries. Coral is often imitated by plastic, glass, porcelain, and stained bone. Natural coral has a distinctive wood grain texture, which can help identify it as the real thing.

Moissanite

The history of natural Moissanite can be traced back to the late 1800`s, and a man who later became a Nobel Prize winner. Dr. Henri Moissan discovered natural silicon carbide in Arizona, while analyzing part of the Diablo Canyon meteorite, in 1893. The name Moissanite was given in Dr. Moissan`s honor in 1905. The synthetic Moissanite is known as silicon carbide because of its chemistry and the trade name is carborundum.

Moissanite is considered sturdier than diamond because it has no natural fractures that can crack if the stone is subjected to an impact of some kind. Also, Moissanite, at 9.25 Mohs, is second in hardness only to diamond and incredibly tough. This is the reason that Moissanite maintains its clarity and sparkle throughout a lifetime. It will not look like a piece of rock salt, like cubic zirconia, after two weeks.

Regarding colour Moissanite cannot compare in color to a colorless diamond. Moissanite has a slightly darker but really cannot be differentiated from a diamond in the same setting. Moissanite`s essence was the potential for an absolutely shimmering brilliance, fire, luster, and incredible hardness. For all these qualities it can compete to all other gemstones. This gemstone possesses all the romance and passion of rubies, emeralds and sapphires. Moissanite is found only in meteorites and in limited areas beneath the earth`s surface.

Unlike other diamond, it is thermally conductive and this property is used as the test for the authenticity of real diamonds. Other things, which differentiate Moissanite with diamond, are that it is hexagonal and doubly refractive. It is also less dense and rarely has the clarity of color. A pale shade of green is always there.

Naturally occurring moissanite is extremely rare and found only in microscopic crystals that are too small to use in jewelry. Only after years of research a breakthrough discovery enabled the production of moissanite crystals large enough to produce an uncommon combination of science and art. Natural sources of silicon carbide are rare, and only certain atomic arrangements are useful for gemological applications. Recently, single-crystalline silicon carbide, in certain forms, has been used for the fabrication of high-performance semiconductor devices. North Carolina-based Cree Research, Inc., founded in 1987, has developed a commercial process for producing large single crystals of silicon carbide. Cree is the world leader in the growth of single crystal silicon carbide, mostly for electronics use. Gem quality Moissanite is created, exclusively by Charles & Colvard, Inc.

The specific gravity of moissante stone is from 3.1 to 3.2 and hardness 9.25 on Mohs scale.

Onyx

Onyx is striped, semiprecious variety of the silica mineral agate with white and black, brown or red alternating bands. Its properties are the same as those of quartz. The layers in these stones range from translucent to opaque for sardonyx. The stones vary in color, too. They may be white or gray, ranging to many colorful varieties. Sardonyx stones usually contain flat-banded, white and brownish-red bands. Onyx is a gemstone with alternating light and dark bands, which are colored in brown, red, black, white and gray.

Sardonyx is the birthstone of Leo. The timeframe starts from July 23 to Aug 22. Onyx is the anniversary gemstone for the 7th year of marriage whereas Black Onyx is the anniversary gemstone for the 10th year of marriage. The word Sardonyx is derived from the Greek, Sard meaning `reddish brown,` and onyx meaning `veined gem.`

The varieties of onyx include carnelian onyx, with white and red bands, and sardonyx, with white and brown bands.

Onyx may chip or scratch rather easily, so onyx should be stored carefully and it is also noted that two specimens of onyx should not touch each other. Cameos are cut from stones, such as onyx, sardonix or agate, where different colors occur in layers. The background material is cut away, leaving the cameo design in relief. Onyx is also used in intaglios because its layers can be cut to show a color contrast between the design and the background. Sardonyx at one time was more precious than gold, silver, or sapphire. Sardonyx is always widely used in cameos and intaglios.

Onyx is a rich-looking, affordable gemstone. It is often mixed with pearls to create elegant jewelry. Treated agate is often sold as Black Onyx, which is regarded as a popular stone.

Healing ability
Onyx is used as a heart, kidney, nerve, capillary, hair, eye and nail strengthener. Onyx is said to help one sleep. This gemstone helps to eliminate apathy, stress and neurological disorders. This gemstone eliminates negative thinking, it is also believed to sharpen the wits of the wearer. Onyx is said to bring spiritual inspiration. It is a great assistance in holding emotions and passions under control. It can be mentioned that Onyx fortifies self-confidence and responsibility and also sharpens the senses. Onyx encourages a healthy egotism

Black onyx
Black onyx is believed to be one of the most powerful protection stones. The onyx generally does this by absorbing and transforming negative energy. Because of this quality people find it helpful in relieving stress and for emotional stability. It`s one of the first i.e. root chakra grounding stones. It also encourages connection to material goals and to determination in realizing them. In much crystal literature black onyx is strongly associated to Saturn, and it is said that this stone works most positively for those with a strong Saturn in their natal charts. Although this may include people born under the sign of Capricorn, it`s not limited to them. It has been said that in India it was commonly worn to cool the ardors of love. Thus it may be very helpful for people who can`t let go of past relationships. The same can be true of any belief, which no longer serves one and they can be as hard to let go of as past relationships. Onyx`s can help to bring into contact with the actual realities, and assist the people in gradually releasing all that is not in harmony with the present lives.

Garnet

Garnet is a naturally occurring gemstone. Its name comes from Latin `granatus` meaning seed, because it often resembles small round seeds when found in its matrix rock.

Garnet is a family of related minerals rather than a single gemstone. Some of which occur as gemstones. Each has a common crystal structure, and a similar chemical composition.

The popular understanding of garnet is as an inexpensive dark red stone. Because it is relatively common and inexpensive, it is often thought of as `only garnet`, and as being inferior.

Garnets are actually one of the largest families of gemstones. Most natural garnets are mixtures of two or more of the following pure species: pyrope, almandine, spessartine, uvarovite, grossular, andradite. Garnets occur in a very wide variety of formations, colors, and clarities. Garnets were so called by the ancient Greeks. This is because of the fact that color reminded them of the pomegranate seed or granatum. Garnets are a group of common silicate minerals that have similar crystal structures and chemical compositions. It can be translucent to transparent, sometimes opaque with a vitreous or resinous lustre. The best known type of garnet is red semi-precious stone pyrope, one of several red gems. The ancient people used to call this as Carbuncles.

Color
The versatile garnet comes in a virtual rainbow of colors, including pink, red, purple, orange, yellow, violet, green, colorless, occasionally black, brown and many shades of red and green. The most common color of garnets is reddish brown whereas the most prized garnet is an emerald green variety called demantoid and is a member of the adradite group.

The garnet is considered to be the birthstone for Capricornus or goat. The time ranges from the month of Dec 22 to Jan 19.

There are some major types of garnets. The names can be mentioned as Almandine, Pyrope also called Bohemian garnet, or Cape ruby, Spessartine, Grossular also called grossularite, or Gooseberry garnet, Andradite, Rhodolite, Carbuncle, Hessonite also called essonite, or Cinnamon stone, Topazolite, Uvarovite and Uralian emerald or demantoid.

Garnet should be cleaned with a dry soft cloth. As with all gemstones, care should be taken to protect it from scratches, sharp blows, harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures.

Garnet can be called as one of the world`s most ancient gems; garnet has been treasured for thousands of years. From ancient times the artisans created beautiful garnet beads, bracelets and other jewelry. Since then Garnets are used widely as an abrasive. Garnets are said to have been used by Asiatic tribes in place of bullets. During the latter part of the 19th century, garnet bracelets and brooches were particularly popular. Most familiar during the peak of popularity were varieties of pyrope.

The hardness of garnets and their sharp fracture make them suitable as abrasives for wood, leather, glass, metals, and plastics. Garnet is a reasonably priced stone. It is beautiful in rings, pendants, necklaces and bracelets. There are some beautiful orange garnets. A green tsavorite garnet is a very rare and high-priced stone. The dazzling beauty of garnets is responsible for their widespread use as gemstones.

Healing properties of Garnet: Garnet is an excellent assistance for blood deficiency diseases. It stimulates bloodstream and pituitary gland, relieves rheumatism and arthritis pain. Garnet combats depression and lethargy. Garnet also stimulates the spleen properly. It usually protects against depression and impure thoughts. This kind of gemstones cures fever and promotes good health. Garnet should be carried close to the body. Its energy is balancing and peaceful. This stone of passion stimulates the sexual drive. Garnet gives energy and courage. It is said to encourage robust good health and sexual desire. The stone also enhance the wearer`s imagination. Garnet symbolizes fire, faith, courage, truth, grace, compassion, constancy and fidelity. It also offers protection to the traveler. The Garnet is a stone of purity and truth as well as a symbol of love and compassion. The information released in a search may be painful, but it will always be what the searcher needs. The Garnet will help everyone`s security level and spiritual awareness. It can also help increase the sex drive.

The Garnet is known as the stone for a successful business. If someone`s business is not as good as it should be, one can just put three or more garnets on the desk. It is believed that if a garnet is put under a pillow it will cure depression. Garnets can be used to make a person popular and have self-esteem when worn as jewelry. It helps protect one on trips. Garnets bring constancy to friendships. Garnets are also known for stimulating success in business.

Spinel

Pure spinel is white, but impurities often give it a wide range of colors. Spinel is available in many colors like, yellow, brown, black and violet. The name Spinel is derived from a Latin word meaning `thorn` for which the shape of this gemstone might be held responsible.

Almost all the colors of spinal are used in jewelry, but the most valuable and popular color is the deep red. These red gems closely resemble rubies, and the two may be difficult to distinguish. In fact, until the late 19th century, there was no distinction between ruby and red spinel, as they look identical and are found in the same localities. Nowadays, distinctions can be made through hardness and x-ray tests. Many famous old `rubies` were found to be Spinel. The enormous `ruby` that forms the centerpiece of the royal crown of England was determined to be spinel as well. Spinel is easily synthesized, and can be made into any color by adding impurities. It is made to resemble gems such as diamond, sapphire, and zircon. When purchasing spinel gems, one must be careful to make sure that the spinel is natural and not synthetic. Most colorless spinels on the market are synthetic, as are some red ones. Spinel is usually cut into gems for use as jewelry. The deep-red variety is known as ruby spinel. This is the most prized form. The opaque, black variety, known as pleonast, is perhaps the most popular black gemstone. Spinel is also cut as cabochons, and occasionally exhibits weak asterism.

Spinel naturally occurs as octahedral crystals. In well-shaped red crystals, the gem cutter may decide to even out the crystal, making it a perfect octahedron. These `crystals` may be worn in jewelry without any further faceting.

Spinel has a very bad reputation of deceiving people as rubies for centuries. Many royal famous ornaments are mistaken to be studded with real rubies when Spinels were actually used. The most famous `Black Princes` ruby, that decorates the Imperial State Crown of England actually bears a 170 carat red Spinel. In the 16th century Spinel gained its individual status as a gemstone in Asia.

There are different varieties of the Spinel. The names can be mentioned as Ruby Spinel i.e. ruby-red variety of Spinel, Rubicelle is the other variety, which is yellow to orange variety of Spinel, Balas Ruby is the pink to pale red variety of Spinel, Almandine Spinel is the violet variety of Spinel. Blue Spinel can be mentioned as the light to dark blue variety of Spinel while Pleonast is the black variety of Spinel, Picotite is the brown variety of Spinel, Gahnite or Gahnospinel is the greenish or bluish i.e. zinc-rich variety of Spinel. Sapphire Spinel is the false name describing blue spinel as well.

There are also some synonyms of Spinel that can be mentioned as Spinell is a synonym of spinel, Spinel ruby is a synonym of ruby spinel, Piconite is a synonym of picotite, Flame Spinel is a synonym of rubicelle, and Pleonaste is a synonym of pleonast

Pinkish red transparent gemstone is the jewelers and collectors most favored item for centuries. Its durability and hardness are perfect for its usage in jewelry making. Spinel is often found in oval, round and cushion shaped. The features of spinel like isometric crystal system, unclear cleavage, glassy luster and white streaks are essential part of the stone. This gemstone was formed after a basic rock in the earth`s crust had gone through a metamorphic change. The top layer of the earth`s crust is where the Spinel is mostly found like in the gemstone bearing gravels and in the lime stones.

Burma, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and some parts of Western Europe are the places where Spinel is found the most. Spinel has become very rare these days and because of this reason its demand is decreasing day by day as people hardly get a chance to see and appreciate the magnificent stone.

Topaz

Topaz is an aluminum fluorite silicate containing fluorine. It is one of the few gem minerals, which, under suitable conditions, grow into enormous crystals. Topaz typically occurs in cavities in rhyolites and granite. It also occurs in pegmatite dikes, and in high-temperature veins with cassiterite and tourmaline. The stone is transparent with a vitreous luster. The name topaz is derived from the Indian Sanskrit word tapas, meaning fire. According to another theory topaz derives its name from the Island of Topazos, in the Red Sea, where the Romans obtained a stone, which they called by this name, but which was the modern chrysolite or peridot.

It is believed that the topaz of modern mineralogists was unknown to the ancients and that the stone called topazos was the mineral chrysolite or peridot. In ancient times, a figure of a falcon carved on a Topaz was thought to help earn the goodwill of kings, princes and magnates. Topaz is Stone of Strength noted by Greeks. During medieval days it was thought to heal physical and mental disorders as well as prevent death. In 1750 a Parisian jeweler discovered that the yellow Brazilian topaz becomes pink on exposure to a moderate heat, and this treatment has since been extensively applied, so that nearly all the pink topaz occurring in jewelry has been heat-treated. Such `burnt topaz` is often known as Brazilian ruby, as is the very rare, natural red topaz.

The Egyptians said that Topaz gemstone was colored with the golden glow of their mighty sun god `Ra`. This made Topaz a very powerful amulet that protected the faithful against harm. The Romans associated Topaz gemstones with Jupiter, who also is the god of the sun. A Topaz gemstone sometimes has the amber gold of fine cognac or the blush of a peach and all the beautiful warm browns and oranges in between. Some rare and exceptional Topazes are pale pink to a sherry red.

Colour: Pure topaz is colorless, but it also occurs in a broad range of colors. The range started from yellow, blue, pink, peach, gold, green, red, and brown. Some natural yellow stones are heated to become permanently pink i.e. pinked topaz. The golden glow of late afternoon, the reddish orange of sunset and the pink of dawn`s first light, these can be explained as the colors of Topaz. This is a gem with the warm tones of the sun. Like the sun, topaz is flattering to the skin, lighting up the face with a golden glow that enhances every color with great aptitude. All of these colors are known as precious Topaz. Blue Topaz, a popular affordable gem, has an enhanced color. Topaz with a natural blue color is very rare. Topaz along with citrine is birthstones of Scorpion. The time ranges from Oct 24 - Nov 21. Topaz is the anniversary gemstone for the 4th and 19th year of marriage. Imperial topaz is the anniversary gemstone for the 23rd year of marriage.

There are some varieties of Topaz and nothing compares to the sparkling brilliance of Blue Topaz. Orange-red Imperial Topaz is also rare. Precious topaz is most often found in a scissors cut, a rectangular gem cut with curved sides that has triangular facets. Ovals, cushions, and emerald cuts are also available.

Topaz has a hardness of 8. So Topaz should always be kept in separate boxes to protect other jewelry from scratches. Large temperature changes should also be avoided. Topaz often becomes paler if kept out in the sun. Topaz should not be cleaned in a home ultrasonic cleaner. The best way to clean topaz is using toothbrush in warm soapy water to scrub behind the stone where dust can be collected.

Topaz looks beautiful in rings, bracelets, necklaces, and pendants. Blue Topaz is available in a variety of shades, sizes and shapes. Red and intense pink are the most rare and most desirable colors for topaz as well. Pure topaz when brilliantly cut, they are mistaken even for diamond.

Topaz is a stone of strength. Topaz stimulates an endocrine system. It assists in general tissue regeneration. Topaz is valuable in the treatment of hemorrhages. It also increases poor appetite and helps fighting blood disorders. Topaz balances emotions and calms passions. It releases tension and gives feelings of joy. Topaz is also known as spiritual rejuvenation gemstone. Topaz is a very hard gemstone but it can be split with a single blow, a trait it shares with Diamond. As a result it should be protected from hard knocks. Topaz gemstones should be worn only if one wishes to be clear-sighted. As legend has it Topaz dispels all enchantment and helps to improve eyesight as well. Some persons believed that these gemstones had the power to increase strength and make its wearer invisible in times of emergency. Topaz gemstone was also said to change color in the presence of poisoned food or drink. Its mystical curative powers waxed and waned with the phases of the moon. It was said to cure insomnia, asthma, and hemorrhages in a great manner.

In mysticism, the topaz is attributed with a cooling, styptic and appetizing effect. It is said to dispel sadness, anger and nocturnal fears, to warn its wearer of poisons and protect him or her from sudden death. It is reputed to make men handsome and intelligent and sterile women fertile and happy. However, it is probably better not to rely too much on its magical powers. It was also claimed that one could immerse the hand in boiling water after a topaz had been thrown into it and retract it again unharmed. In the Empire style, the topaz was still widespread, but then the more reasonably priced citrine took over from it and even usurped its name i.e. gold topaz. Since then, the topaz has been a rather exotic figure in the jewellery trade, and has been given the additional predicate `pure` to make it clear that the topaz, not the quartz topaz, is meant. And it is still waiting for its well-deserved comeback to this day.

Carnelian

Carnelian is a variety of chalcedony and is microcrystalline quartz. It appears in a vibrant range of fire-orange reds to brown-reds and has a dull, waxy luster. Carnelian was once thought to still the blood and calm the temper. The best Carnelian can be found in India. India is the place where from the stone originates. The name Carnelian is derived from Carne. In Latin this means flesh, may be related to its color, which is similar the color of flesh. Carnelian is composed of Silicon Dioxide, Sio2, and gets its red color from Hematite impurities.

This is a translucent gemstone that varies in color from orange to reddish orange. There is also a dark brownish orange shade of carnelian that is very suitable for men`s rings. The gemstone is normally cut in a smooth cut. Oval shaped carnelian gemstones can be found to be the most common shape. Carnelian gemstones are used in gold and silver jewelry. The gemstone is very suitable for jewelry making and has a hardness of 7 on the Moh`s scale that measures the hardness of gemstones. Carnelian belongs to the quartz family of gems and is also referred to by other trade names like, red chalcedony and red agate.

Carnelian is believed to protect from those persons trying to read the mind. It also protects from nightmares, enchantments, as well as guarding the home against lightning strikes and severe storms. These days, carnelian is thought to enhance self esteem, to combat feelings of inadequacy, and to increase physical energy. It is sometimes used as a talisman to protect against fire and misfortune. Carnelian is an important gemstone in opening a closed 2nd Chakra or sacral. Natural healers use Carnelian to quell anger, jealousy and hateful feelings, clear negative energy and sorrow. Carnelian protects against rage and fear. It increases sexuality and sexual desire and promotes courage and confidence as well. Carnelian is associated with the solar plexus chakra i.e. the yellow chakra, in which imbalances are thought to cause digestive problems, as well as lack of confidence. Carnelian is useful for preventing fevers. It has the ability to increase the strength and glibness of speech. It is useful for blood problems. An amulet with a rich man holding some beautiful object, carved of carnelian, is said to be powerful in staunching the flow of blood. Carnelian balances creativity and mental processes. Carnelian is the carrier of the orange ray. It is useful for wheezing from allergies. Natural carnelian is available is bright orange colour. If natural gemstone is not available, man-made carnelian can also be used. Every time after wearing carnelian it should be properly washed under water.

It has been said to be a healing gem with a wondrous capacity for mental and physical healing properties. Carnelian can assist in getting the mind out of mental ruts and back on track for success. It bolsters up ambition and drive and reminds the wearer of the future`s goals, hence becoming a powerful tool in major decision-making. The stone allows the person to take control of the life and make decisions. It brings energy and fire, enhancing physical energy and personal power and invoking joy, laughter and warmth as it opens the heart. It provides a sense of history and a connection to past experiences.

Kunzite

This gemstone namely Kunzite is a variety of crystalline spodumene i.e. a silicate of aluminum and lithium, generally of a lilac-pink hue, though yellow and green varieties are also common. If exposed to the sun, kunzite first loses its colour, then turns green and in time resumes its original hue. Small specimens tend to be colourless more than the bigger one. It must be cut in a special way and only in facets. It may be confused with morganite and pink tourmaline i.e. rubellite.

Kunzite is a pink stone discovered early in the 20th century by a Tiffany`s gemologist, Dr. Kunz. It typically comes from the Afghanistan-Pakistan mountain region, and is treated by both heat and radiation. Some people call it as the evening stone, because the color fades when exposed to sunlight. Though, it would take many years of daily exposure to the sun to notice any kind of fade. It is believed that the color will remain for the natural life of the piece of jewelry when worn with care. From time immemorial pink has come to symbolize love, romance and marriage and so does the Pink Kunzite gemstone, which embodies eternal love. This stone is evolved from the mineral Spodumene, the Kunzite gem stone has been associated with various healing properties. Pink Kunzite gem stone, is believed to bestow its wearer with tremendous love and positive energy. At Rio Gems, the loose kunzite gemstone is available in an array of cuts from the classic oval to the modern cushion cut.

A kunzite gemstone is its vibrant best in larger sizes of minimum 8 carats. A pink Kunzite ring is ideally worn to keep the mind calm and attract good luck. A kunzite loose gemstone, with its gleaming violet tinge, is mostly symbolic of peace and harmony and is believed to heal broken hearts. The kunzite gemstone can be cut in a single blow like the diamond. This is very delicate, making it a fashion favorite for indoor events. These dainty gemstones are always in vogue, just like the color pink.

Darker colors of this stone are produced by cutting them at certain angles but Kunzite being susceptible to chips makes the cutting proposition rather difficult. Therefore, the deeper the shade, the more expensive it gets. A negative point of this stone is that it loses its color when placed under harsh light. So it should not be exposed to sunlight for a length of time.

While buying this Gemstone one should pay attention to the color first and then go for the clarity. The lilac or purple Kunzites score over the pink ones. Kunzite shows properties of pleochroism, as 2 or more colors are seen from the various angles of the stone. This is used mainly in pendants and usually not used for necklaces and rings. It is also employed to make chunky decorative pieces as big stones can be afforded easily. It is believed to have certain medicinal properties like inducing mental calm, reducing mental exertion and anxiety. This gemstone with its beautiful color, crystalline appearance and restorative qualities is sure to tug the hearts of a million people.

Its hardness is fairly good, and this is mentioned in between 6.5 and 7 on the Mohs scale. To the chagrin of the cutters, however, this gem has perfect cleavage and is thus extremely difficult to cut. It has been said that once it is given its final shape, it becomes uncomplicated. But it is very difficult to re-cut. Cut kunzite surprises even experts again and again with its brilliance. The silvery gloss on its facets forms a beautiful contrast to the fine violet-pink of the gemstone. In the trade, kunzite is available in many beautiful cuts. It is one of the gems which are available in relatively large sizes at affordable prices. The more intense the color, the more valuable the kunzite is. The question of whether the color should tend more or less strongly towards violet will depend on the personal preference and skin type.

This gemstone with its fine, delicate pink is not only an ideal precious stone for lovers, it is also popular as a healing stone. Kunzite is said to enhance a person`s capacity for devotion and understanding and to bestow inner peace and enjoyment on its wearer. It is said to activate the mind and liberate the wearer from worry and anxiety, it is an excellent gemstone for those suffering from strain or exam nerves. Whether or not one actually believes in these positive effects, one thing is certain that its fine pink with a hint of violet radiates a serene composure and keeps moods of depression and anxiety at bay right from the outset.

Peridot

Peridot is a French word derived from the Arabic faridat, which means gem. The stone ranges in color from light yellow-green to the intense bright green of new grass to olive. Peridot splits and bends the rays of light passing through it. Because of this reason it has a velvety, `sleepy` appearance i.e. a shining rich glow. Chemically peridot is an iron-magnesium-silicate. The intensity of the color of the stone depends upon the amount of iron contained. The color comes in variation from yellow-green and olive to brownish green. The rare treasure varieties of Peridot can be mentioned as Peridot-Cat`s Eye and Star-Peridot. Peridot is a stone with a sparkling pale green color. But it also occurs in lime, yellowish green, olive green or medium dark green hues.

Peridot has been adored since ancient times and has been valued for centuries. People in the Middle Ages wore peridot to gain foresight and divine inspiration. Legend has it that pirates favored peridot to protect them against evil. Peridot was greatly prized by Egyptian Kings. Some of Cleopatra`s emeralds were in fact peridots.

According to astrologers, the wearer of peridot will enjoy happiness in marriage, the power of eloquence in speech and enduring freedom from insecurity-both emotional and physical. Ancient Egyptians called peridot `the gem of the sun,` although they believed its seekers might not find it in sunlight. Because of their brightness in the desert sun, the stones were supposedly invisible by daylight. In darkness, however, they were alleged to give off a light of their own by night, miners were said to mark their locations accordingly and return to recover their treasures by day. Peridot was believed to have the power to dissolve enchantments. To exert its full potential, the stone was to be set in gold. Then it would drive away night`s terrors. If it was to be used to protect the wearer from evil spirits, it had to be pierced, strung on the hair of a donkey, and worn on the left arm. As a medical remedy, it was powdered to cure asthma. Holding a peridot under the tongue was supposed to lessen the thirst of a person suffering from fever. Peridot along with sardonyx is birthstones of Leo i.e. Lion. The time starts from July 23 to Aug 22. This is the anniversary gemstone for the 16th year of marriage. Slightly golden shimmering green variety of it is ideal gemstone color to complement a light summertime outfit. It is formed of olivine, silicate found in igneous rocks, and a very good constituent of Earth`s upper mantle. As a matter of fact Peridot is called by three names, Peridot, Chrysolith and Olivin. Peridot is derived from Greek word `Peridona,` which mean `giving plenty.` The word `Chrysolith` means `goldstone` in Greek. It is one of the few stone that exist only in one color.

Healing properties of Peridot
This beautiful stone is worn or carried for general healing purposes. Peridot increases strength & physical vitality. Peridot protects against nervousness and aids in healing hurt feelings. It helps liver & adrenal function. Peridot is also thought to protect lungs, sinuses, and wrists from illness and injury. Peridot is used to help dreams become a reality. This very popular stone is believed to attract love. The deep green shade of the peridot also suggests a connection in wealth-attracting. Peridot calms a raging anger. It is also useful to dispel negative emotions, and it is believed to promote sleep when worn to bed.

Peridot helps to move past the hurt, and understand the relationships. It adds intelligence to the romantic situations, giving a bit of common sense in affairs of the heart, and protecting someone from unnecessary heartache. This is a visionary stone, it brings understanding of destiny and purpose. It usually releases negative vibrations, and promotes clarity and well being. A Peridot can be put in a cash box along with Citrine. Peridot will help to draw money to the person, and Citrine will help to keep it once one gets it. Peridot is the money stone. These stones are particular good in helping to deal with jealousy, a very dark destructive emotion. These were worn by the ancient Egyptian high priest to guard against jealousy of the Pharaoh`s power. Peridot is a `Sun` energy stone due to its yellow-green color. This trait makes Peridot a warm, friendly, and happy stone. This is a great stress or anxiety reliever. These are more powerful when set in yellow gold and more effective when pierced in a bead form. In ancient times, the Romans wore Peridot to relieve depression. This stone strengthens, and regenerates all organs, stimulating new and healthy growth. It usually acts as if one had just taken a Health Tonic. These promote sleep. The stones can be used to bring results to a search - seeking and of lost or mislaid items, but applies to the spiritual realm as well, as in feeling despair, spiritually lost , or emotionally isolated. It has also been used to facilitate the birth process, stimulating contractions and opening the birth canal. A piece can be slipped into the `birth room` to enhance the process.

Peridot is used in rings, earrings, pendants, bracelets, and accent stones. Its hardness is 6.5 - 7 in Moh`s scale. As with all gems, peridot should be protected from scratches and sharp blows. Drastic temperature changes should be avoided. Peridot should not be cleaned in a home ultrasonic cleaner. Peridot is a beautiful stone that wears well and looks beautiful with a lot of your wardrobe. Peridot is readily available in most sizes and a variety of shapes. Peridot should be priced about the same as a garnet or tourmaline. The buyer should be knowledgeable so that he or she can get the difference between the original and a very good imitation of peridot that is actually a type of synthetic peridot.

Zircon

Zircon has been around in jewelry for hundreds of years. It is known for its high dispersion and for many years was used to imitate diamonds. The gemstone named Zircon actually looks like a diamond. It shines more than it, but retains the shine for a very short time, on astrological substitute for diamonds. It bestows social prestige and protection from enemies as well.

The name probably comes from the Persian word `zargun` which means `gold-colored`. Zircon comes in a wide range of different colors. This stone is colorless when pure, the zirconium silicate takes on various shades due to impurities. The most popular zircon-color is blue. Most blue gemstones come in a pastel blue, but some exceptional gems also have a bright blue color. Zircon is also available in green, dark red, aquamarine,violet, yellow, brown, and orange where the blue and green variants are in much demand.

Varieties
The brown varieties of Zircons are mostly found in South Asian nations. They are heat treated in order to produce colorless and blue zircons. In the gemstone trade some terms refer to different colored zircons. These can be mentioned as Hyacinth are basically yellow, yellow-red to red-brown zircon, the Jargons are mainly straw-yellow to almost colorless zircon while starlight are the rich, slightly greenish blue zircon variety. All of these are created by heating. The orange variety of zircon is called jacinth. Zircon is quite widely used in its three varieties. The first variety is called jacinth. It is sometimes spelled as hyacinth and was used to a great extent in classical antiquity. It occurs in the clear, transparent red, orange, and yellow colors. The blue variety is called starlite or Siam Zircon, while the third colorless variety is called Ceylon or Matura diamond.

Due to its high refractive index and strong dispersion, zircon has great brilliance and intensive fire. The luster is vitreous to a brilliant sheen. The hardness of Zircon varies from 6.5-7.5 on Mohs scale. But in spite of that zircon is brittle and therefore sensitive to knocks and pressure. The gem has the tendency to wear along facet edges. Its use in rings should therefore be limited to protective settings or occasional wear jewelry. Hot water should be avoided; it should be protected from sudden temperature changes and household chemicals. Some gentle soap may be employed to clean it. A soft brush can be used to remove dirt from the crevices. Zircon jewelry should be stored carefully in a separate box.

Zircon along with turquoise is birthstones of Sagittarius. The month ranges from Nov 22 to Dec 21. Zircon looks best in daylight, more precisely just after sunrise and before sunset, when the light is considered to be soft and warm. In general zircon is transparent to translucent. Impurities cause the various color. Zircons with a cat`s eye effect are known but rare. Some crystals contain radioactive thorium and uranium. Over time, the radioactivity breaks down the crystal structure so that such stones, which are usually green, tend to an amorphous structure, with a lower refractive index and luster than the crystalline type. These slightly radioactive zircons are very rare in the trade, but highly prized by collectors and pose no heath threat to its wearer.

There are a number of ways in which Zircon is used. Some of them can be mentioned as people born in December can use it as a conventional birthstone, Zircon pendants and rings are very popular among the jewelry lovers, it can bring in success, financially and also in general and it is helpful for the insomniacs.

There is some mythological value related to this gemtone. Hindu poets wrote of the `Kalpa Tree`, the ultimate gift to the gods, which was a glowing tree covered with gemstone fruit with leaves of zircon. In the middle ages, zircon was said to aid sleep, bring prosperity, and promote honor and wisdom in its owner. In ancient time one believed that the cosmos reflects in the gemstones. The zircon is assigned to planet Pluto. The esoteric movement revived the ancient believe and the gem industry made it another marketing tool to promote certain gems.

Zircon relieves pain. It is said to quicken one`s appetite. Zircon also prevents nightmares and ensures a deep tranquil sleep. It is supposedly helps one be more at peace with oneself. Zircon is believed to provide the wearer with wisdom, honor and riches. The lost of luster on a Zircon stone is said to warn of danger. Jacinth helps rising one`s self-esteem as well.

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

People love to wear jewelry at any type of occasions and on many organs of the body including ears, neck, back, arm, fingers, ankles, belly, tongue and toes. Glittering and much sought after products are normally available in wide price range from dirt-cheap to most expensive. Most expensive jewelries are obviously made from real diamonds, gold, silver, platinum, white gold and other precious metals and stones. It is certain that most expensive jewelries are worn by celebrities, royal families and high profile personalities.

Besides being made from precious metals and stones, most expensive jewelries are often ornate and extremely detailed, which demand artistic workmanship. Most expensive jewelries are worth couples of million dollars. People who can afford most expensive jewelry buy it for special occasions such as engagements, weddings, marriage anniversaries and birthdays. World’ most expensive jewelries in 2009 are made by the top-most jewelry designers and luxury jewelry brands from Milan, New York and Paris. Recently, Victoria/ Secret was retailing world’ most expensive bra at over 5 million dollars. The bra incorporated thousands of real diamonds and rubies.

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009

Most Expensive Jewelry in 2009